These answers to questions from the EAP Study Guide are in a format searchable by browsers. Successful completion of the Engineering as a Profession Exam is required to obtain credit for PDEng15 at the University of Waterloo. The answers are also available in Word format under Files & Media

1. In Canada, who is allowed to use the title "Professional Engineer"?
those persons who have demonstrated their competence and have been licensed by a provincial licensing body

2. Define the term "engineer" in modern terms.
An engineer is a person who uses science mathematics experience and judgment to create and operate manage control or maintain devices mechanisms processes structures or complex systems and who does this in a rational and economically with human societal and natural resources and constraints

3. What is a limitation of the definition of an engineer provided on p. 4?
It does not fully express the human context of the profession

4. What are the main differences between an engineer, a research scientist, technologist, a technician, and a skilled worker?
A much higher level of accountability is expected from the professional engineer than from other members of the engineering team

5. (Approximately) how many accredited engineering programs were there in Canada in 2004? Why should this information be important to UW Engineers?
239

6. According to Grayson (as cited by Andrews et al, 2005) what are the 9 qualities that a university engineering undergraduate program should develop in its candidates.
mathematical and scientific knowledge, analytical ability, the ability to manage projects, open-mindedness, decision-making ability, communication skills, inventiveness, leadership, friendship"

7. Which tragedy made Canadians aware of the need for government regulation where the engineering profession was concerned?
Quebec Bridge

8. What is S.C. Florman's definition of a "profession"?
A profession is a self selected self disciplined group of individuals who hold themselves out to the public as possessing a special skillet derived from training and education and who are prepared to exercise that skill in the interests of others

9. Why does law in Canada restrict the title "Professional Engineer"?
To prevent unqualified persons from practicing to set standards of practice that protect the public and to discipline unscrupulous practitioners

10. What are three typical methods of government regulation?
by direct control through government departments, by establishing independent agencies, and by permitting the professions themselves to be regulating bodies"

11. Which discipline is considered as a part of the same profession as engineering, in most of Canada?
The engineering and geosciences are been in law as branches of a single location

12. What is the name of the consulting engineer who was responsible for designing the Quebec Bridge and guaranteeing its strength?
Theodore Cooper

13. Who is permitted by provincial and territorial laws to make technical decisions "wherein the safeguarding of life, health, property, or public welfare is concerned"?
Licensed professional engineers

14. What body is authorized to license engineers?
Association

15. What are the Associations empowered to monitor?
The standards of professional practice

16. When was the Canadian Council of Professional Engineers established?
1936

17. What is the role of CCPE?
To coordinate the engineering profession on a national scale by promoting consistency in licensing and regulations

18. What is the basic document that regulates the engineering profession within a province?
The legislative act

19. What are regulations?
Regulations provide more specific rules details or interpretations of causes of the act

20. What are by?laws?
bylaws are rules for running the association itself

21. What is a code of ethics?
A code of ethics is a set of rules of personal conduit to guide individual engineers

22. What is the difference between regulations, by?laws, and code of ethics?








23. What does a self?regulating profession mean?
Self regulation means engineers participate in association activities and serve in elected positions

24. What is the definition of the practice of professional engineering, according to CCPE?
To promote uniformity of engineering laws throughout Canada

25. What is the purpose of a national definition of professional practice for engineering?
The purpose of this national definition is to promote uniformity of engineering law throughout Canada, thus assisting engineers to practice engineering in different provinces and territories.

26. What is the difference between an "open" and "closed" profession?








27. Give the time period during which engineering in Ontario was considered an open profession.
Prior to 1922

28. When did engineering become a closed profession in Ontario?
1922, when the PEO was formed

29. What does PEO stand for?
Professional Engineers Ontario

30. How is the practice of professional engineering defined by the Professional Engineers Act, Ontario?
Life health property and the public welfare

31. The Professional Engineers Act places a responsibility on the engineer to ensure that four objectives are protected. What are they? If a job does not require all of these responsibilities, is it a true engineering job?
The board evaluates engineering degree programs in Canada and the accreditation process

32. Can you call yourself a "Professional Engineer" once you receive your Iron Ring?
no

33. What are the 5 admission requirements for the engineering profession in Ontario?
study register work write good character

34. What is the role of the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) in Canada?
the board evaluates engineering degree programs in Canada and the accreditation process

35. Can someone without a CEAB?accredited engineering degree or equivalent be admitted to the engineering profession?
Applicants without the CEAB-accredited engineering degrees or equivalent may be admitted to the engineering profession after waiting examinations

36. What are the general requirements for Engineering Experience?
The experience must be at the appropriate level following the confirming of an engineering degree or the completion of equivalent: engineering education

37. What are the 4 main topics covered in the Professional Practice Examination?
Ethics professional practice law and liability

38. What is the earliest that you can write the Professional Practice Examination after you have graduated from an accredited engineering program?
You may not write the examination until one year after graduation from university

39. How long do you have to pass the Professional Practice Examination once you have submitted your licence application?
You must pass the examination no later than two years following the date of submitting the application for membership

40. What is a PEO Certificate of Authorization?








41. The purpose of licensing is to protect the public ? not to protect the engineer. Which group works on behalf of employee engineers?
Ontario society of professional engineers

42. What is the status of the PEO Code of Ethics in the practice of professional engineering?








43. The PEO Code of Ethics imposes duties on the practising engineer. What are the 7 main areas under which these duties fall?
society in general, to employers, to clients, to colleagues, to the engineering profession, and to oneself"

44. What should you do if you are faced with an ethical dilemma at work that forces you to choose between unethical practice and your job?
An employee engineers should never have to choose between unethical behavior and the disruption of employment

45. Regulation 941, Article 77 of The Code of Ethics requires that the professional engineer adhere to 5 main principles of ethical behaviour at all times. What are they? (You may paraphrase).
The association staff is available to provide advice and to mediate

46. What are the basic ethical requirements of a professional engineering in terms of: (you may paraphrase)








47. List 4 characteristics that are essential for any professional organization in order to create a productive and professional workplace.
fair, creative, productive, and professional environment"

48. While students are not legally bound by the PEO Code of Ethics, why should engineering students follow the code while on academic and work terms?
Students on work terms or internships have an obligation to act professionally

49. Why is it considered unethical if a student accepts a job offer and then turns it down in favour of another job?
The students would clearly be behaving unprofessionally

50. Why can't extraneous factors such as race, religion, gender, be taken into consideration when selecting an engineering team?
Such discrimination is contrary to provincial and Federal laws on human rights

51. What kinds of activities constitute an academic offence at the University of Waterloo? (See Policy 71)








52. According to Andrews et al (2006), what should one do if faced with an ethical dilemma at work or school?








53. What is meant by attempting to settle disputes in "good faith"?
courteous direct communication

54. What is meant by whistleblowing? When should one resort to whistleblowing?
External agencies or authorities must be contacted

55. Which PEO committee has the authority to discipline any member shown to be incompetent or guilty of professional misconduct?
discipline committee

56. What are some of the disciplinary measures that the PEO Discipline Committee can take against any member shown to be incompetent or guilty of professional misconduct?
Find revoke or suspend license

57. In Ontario, where are the results of disciplinary hearings published?
Engineering dimensions

58. Under PEO Regulation 941, Section 72 (1) ? Definition of Professional Misconduct, what is the definition of "negligence"?
Negligence means an act or omission in the carrying out of the work of a practitioner that constitutes a failure to maintain the standards of that a reasonable and prudent practitioner would maintain in the circumstances

59. Under PEO Regulation 941, Section 72 (2) ? Definition of Professional Misconduct, there is a list of 13 main breaches of professional conduct. List 5 of them.








60. If an engineer uses a computer program that gives inaccurate or erroneous results, why is the engineer responsible for the results and any outcomes and not the author or the computer program?
legal liability cannot be transferred to the software developer anymore than it can be transferred to an instrument manufacturer because of faulty readings from a voltmeter

61. Andrews et al (2006) recommend that an engineer understand the limitations of a computer program used for solving engineering problems. What are the five "checks" that an engineer must go through before relying on the results of a computer program?


62. Why is it important to run a test of an engineering application software program against a set of hand calculations or against another independent program?








63. Why should an engineer not use an unauthorized copy of computer software?
Runs a much greater risk of legal or disciplinary action if the project runs into problems

64. What is the definition of plagiarism and why should it be avoided?
Plagiarism is defined as taking intellectual property and passing it off as your own.

65. What is plagiarism and how does it apply to the internet?
Mainly because of the convenience of cutting and pasting information from the Internet

66. What is the significance of a Professional Engineer's Seal on professional engineering documents?
The seal signifies that a licensed professional engineering has approved the documents for use in construction or manufacturing

67. Why should preliminary documents not be sealed?
The engineer who prepared the documents or supervised their preparation should seal them

68. What is the ethical (and potentially legal) concern associated with signing and sealing documents that the engineer has only "checked"?








69. Who wrote the voluntary oath "Obligation of the Engineer"?
Rudyard Kipling

70. What is the physical identification worn by engineers who have taken the oath?
By the wearing of an iron ring

71. What is the name of the iron ring ceremony and who conducts it?
Ritual of the calling of the engineer Corporation of the seven wardens

72. What does the wearing of the iron ring signify?
Shows that the wearer and has participated in the ceremony and has voluntarily agreed to abide by the oath or obligation

73. What are the main roles of engineering societies?
to assist engineers

74. What are the main roles of the Canadian Council of Professional Engineers (CCPE), the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB), and the Canadian Engineering Qualifications Board (CEQB)?
CEAB Advises the associations on the quality of engineering degree programs; CEQB advises the associations on standards for practice admission to the profession and ethical conduct

75. Name two Canadian societies that advocate for engineers.
CFES CSPE

76. What are the criteria for membership in the Canadian Academy of Engineering?
Record of distinguished service and contribution to society to Canada and to the engineering profession

77. How can an engineering society help you maintain professional competence once you have graduated?
Engineering societies are one of the best and sources of up to date technical information

78. What is the definition of "duty"?








79. What is the definition of "obligation"?








80. What is the definition of "responsibility"?